Observations of Water Frost on Mars with THEMIS: Application to the Presence of Brines and the Stability of (Sub)Surface Water Ice

L.Lange, S.Piqueux, C.S.Edwards, F.Forget, J.Naar, E.Vos, A.Szantai

Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
Copyright 2024. All rights reserved.

Corresponding author: Lucas Lange
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
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mailto: lucas.lange@lmd.ipsl.fr



Supporting information associated with the paper "Observations of Water Frost on Mars with THEMIS: Application to the Presence of Brines and the Stability of (Sub)Surface Water Ice"

- Data_Figure1_SolarFluxTOA.txt is a 360 x 180 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing top of the atmosphere solar insolation [W/m^2], in simple cylindrical projection, spatial resolution of 1 value per degree. Solar lLongitude (x axis, [°]) range from 1 to 360, 1 degree step. Latitudes (y axis, [°]) range from 89.5 to -89.5, 1 degree step. This file was used for the generation of Figure 1. 

- Data_Figure1_THEMIS.txt is a 39496 x 4 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the latitude (1st column, °N), the longitude (2nd column, °E), the solar longitude (3rd column, °), the true solar local time (4th column, hr) of the THEMIS images analyzed in this study. This file was used for the generation of Figure 1.


- Data_Figure3_humidrichardson.txt is a 1501 x 1231 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the humid Richardson number as a function of surface temperature (x-axis, ranging from 150K to 273K, step 0.1 K) and atmospheric temperature (y-axis, ranging from 150K to 300K, step 0.1 K). This file was used for the generation of Figure 3a.


- Data_Figure3_ratio_stabilityfunction.txt is a 1501 x 1231 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the ratio of the stability function computed
with the wet Richardson and the near-surface wind speed accounting for gustiness induced by water buoyancy as a function of surface temperature (x-axis, ranging from 150K to 273K, step 0.1 K) and atmospheric temperature (y-axis, ranging from 150K to 300K, step 0.1 K). This file was used for the generation of Figure 3b.

- Data_Figure3_ratio_stabilityfunction_guestiness.txt is a 1501 x 1231 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the ratio of the stability function computed with the wet Richardson number and the dry Richardson number as a function of surface temperature (x-axis, ranging from 150K to 273K, step 0.1 K) and atmospheric temperature (y-axis, ranging from 150K to 300K, step 0.1 K). This file was used for the generation of Figure 3c.


- Data_Figure4_30degslope.txt is a 360 x 1 space separated table of floats in ascii h2o frost thickness for a 30° pole-facing slope at Promethei Terra (32.3°S, 118.6°E) as a function of the solar longitude (x-axis, ranging from 0° to 360K, step 1°). This file was used for the generation of Figure 4.

- Data_Figure4_14degslope.txt  is a 360 x 1 space separated table of floats in ascii h2o frost thickness for a 14° pole-facing slope at Promethei Terra (32.3°S, 118.6°E) as a function of the solar longitude (x-axis, ranging from 0° to 360K, step 1°). This file was used for the generation of Figure 4.

- Data_Figure5_WaterFrost.txt is a 2006 x 4 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the latitude (1st column, °N), the longitude (2nd column, °E), the solar longitude (3rd column, °), the true solar local time (4th column, hr) of the water frost detected on THEMIS images and analyzed in this study. This file was used for the generation of Figure 5.


- Data_Figure6_30degslope.txt is a 841 x 1 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the water frost thickness modeled by the PCM on a 30° pole facing slope between 20°S and 30°S. This file was used for the generation of Figure 6a.

- Data_Figure6_14degslope.txt is a 358 x 1 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the water frost thickness modeled by the PCM on a 14° pole facing slope between 20°S and 30°S. This file was used for the generation of Figure 6b.

- Data_Figure6_6degslope.txt is a 267 x 1 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the water frost thickness modeled by the PCM on a 14° pole facing slope between 20°S and 30°S. This file was used for the generation of Figure 6c.

- Data_Figure7_CO2Frost.txt is a 1245 x 4 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the latitude (1st column, °N), the longitude (2nd column, °E), the solar longitude (3rd column, °), the true solar local time (4th column, hr) of the water frost detected on THEMIS images and analyzed in this study. This file was used for the generation of Figure 7.

- Data_Figure8_CO2Frost_30deg.txt is a 164 x 2 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, °) and the latitudinal extent (2nd column, °N) of the water frost modeled by the PCM in the South. This file was used for the generation of Figure 8.

- Data_Figure8_CO2Frost_14deg.txt is a 128 x 2 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, °) and the latitudinal extent (2nd column, °N) of the water frost modeled by the PCM in the South. This file was used for the generation of Figure 8.

- Data_Figure8_CO2Frost_6deg.txt is a 91 x 2 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, °) and the latitudinal extent (2nd column, °N) of the water frost modeled by the PCM in the South. This file was used for the generation of Figure 8.

- Data_Figure8_CO2Frost_flat.txt is a 91 x 2 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, °) and the latitudinal extent (2nd column, °N) of the water frost modeled by the PCM in the South. This file was used for the generation of Figure 8.

- Data_Figure8_CO2Frost.txt is a 11290 x 3 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the longitude (1st column, °E), the latitude (2nd column, °N), and the solar longitude (3rd column, °) of the water frost detected by CRISM/OMEGA presented in Vincendon et al., 2010. This file was used for the generation of Figure 8.

- Data_Figure10_PCMTemp_30deg_flat.txt is a 3497558 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the temperature of the water frost modeled by the PCM. This file was used to generate Figure 10a. 

- Data_Figure10_PCMTemp_14deg_flat.txt is a 2340829 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the temperature of the water frost modeled by the PCM for a 30° North, South facing slopes and flat surfaces. This file was used to generate Figure 10b. 

- Data_Figure10_PCMTemp_6deg_flat.txt is a 2166744 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the temperature of the water frost modeled by the PCM for a 6° North, South facing slopes and flat surfaces. This file was used to generate Figure 10c. 

- Data_Figure10_THEMISTemp.txt is a 53738760 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the temperature of the water frost measured by THEMIS. This file was used to generate Figure 10 abc. 

- Data_Figure11_HotFrost.txt is a 267 x 5 space separated table of floats in ascii format containing the latitude (1st column, °N), the longitude (2nd column, °E), the solar longitude (3rd column, °), the local time (4th column, hr) and the maximum temperature (5th column, K) of the "hot" (> 198 K)water frost detected presented in this study. This file was used for the generation of Figure 11.

- Data_Figure12_PvapTHEMIS.txt is a 2006 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the average vapor pressure derived from frost temperatures measured by THEMIS. This file was used to generate Figure 12. 

- Data_Figure13_PvapTHEMIS.txt is a 181 x 1 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the average vapor pressure derived from frost temperatures measured by THEMIS between 65°N and 75°N. This file was used to generate Figure 13. 

- Data_Figure14_DiurnalFrostThicknessnalVariation.txt is a 25 x 2 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the local true solar time (1st column, in hr) and frost thickness (2nd column, in micrometers) predicted by the PCM at 15°N, 225°E, Ls = 120°. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure14_DiurnalFrostThickness_Map.txt is a 48 x 64 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the maximum diurnal frost thickness (expressed in micrometers) between 30°N and 30°S This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure14_Latitude.txt is a 48 x 64 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the latitudes (in °N) used to generate the map of the maximum diurnal frost thicknesses. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure14_Latitude.txt is a 48 x 64 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the longitudes (in °E) used to generate the map of the maximum diurnal frost thicknesses. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- DiurnalFrostThickness is a 25 x 2 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, in °) and frost thickness (2nd column, in micrometers) predicted by the PCM at 6 a.m., at 15°N, 225°E. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure14_MaxDiurnalFrostThickness_SeasonalVariation.txt is a 25 x 2 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, in °) and frost thickness (2nd column, in micrometers) predicted by the PCM at 6 a.m., at 15°N, 225°E. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure14_DiurnalFrostThickness.txt is a 25 x 2 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the local time (1st column, in hr) and frost thickness (2nd column, in micrometers) predicted by the PCM at 15°N, 225°E. This file was used to generate Figure 14. 

- Data_Figure15_AnnulusTHEMISnalVariation.txt is a 102 x 3 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, in °), mid latitude of the frost detections (2nd column, °N), and latitudinal extent of the frost deposits (3rd column, °) near the seasonal CO2 cap edge. This file was used to generate Figure 15. 

- Data_Figure15_capedge_PCM.txt is a 81 x 3 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, in °), the seasonal CO2 cap edge predicted by the PCM (2nd column, °N), and the seasonal H2O cap edge predicted by the PCM (3rd column, °N). This file was used to generate Figure 15. 

- Data_Figure16.txt is a 4012 x 4 comma separated table of floats in ascii format containing the solar longitude (1st column, °), H2O frost thickness predicted by the PCM at 52.5°N, 0°E during the year (2nd column, micrometers), the vapor pressure (3rd column, Pa) in the first layer of the model (~4 m), and the vapor pressure at saturation over ice (4th column, Pa). This file was used to generate Figure 16. 


